Stationary piston air compressor



March 23, 1939. o, B, O N ON 2,152,054'

STATIONARY PISTON AIR COMPRESSOR Filed Oct. 26, 1937 5 Sheets-Sheet l 1N VEN TOR.

A TTORNEYS.

March 28, 1939. o. B. JOHNSON COMPRESSOR STATIONARY PISTON AIR Filed Oct.

26, 1957 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 I N VEN TOR.

A TTORNEYS.

0 Johnson v mm K\\\\\\\\ 1 n M WN J "'UIIIIIIIIA Q N v 3 Sheets-She o. B. JOHNSON Filed Oct. 26, 1937 INVENTOR A'TTIORNEYS.

STATIONARY PISTON AIR COMPRESSOR f March 28, 1939.

m? 0. B. Johnson m mm 3 wnwi Qw mm NW @N Patented Mar. 28, 1939 UNITED STATES! ears '5" OFFICE 4 Claims.

This invention relates to air or gas compressors, and more particularly of the type wherein the pistons thereof remain stationary and the cylinders move thereover.

5 The primary object of the invention is to provide a compressor having means for cooling the interior of the pistons, during the compressing operation.

, An important object of the invention is to I provide a system of this character for. compressing air or gas, including .a main cylinder connected with an auxiliary cylinder of a smaller capacity than the first mentioned cylinder, the

M auxiliary cylinder receiving air from the main 15 cylinder for multiple; storage compression;

Another important object of the invention is to provide an air or gas compressor wherein the cylinder thereof swings on a horizontal pivot,

W as the connecting rod or link swings with the 20 crank shaft, associated therewith, to the end that the connecting rod or link operatesin a direct line with the center of the cylinder with an increase of power over compressor structures *1 wherein the connecting rods operate at an oblique 2'5 angle with respect to the wall of the cylinder.

Another object of the invention is the provision of filtering means, whereby the air or gas being compressed, may be freed of all foreign matter prior to the passage of the air or gas into the cylinder.

Astill further object of the invention is the provision of means for distributing lubricating material over the wall of the cylinder, during the compressing operation.

With the foregoing'and other objects in view, which will appear as the description proceeds, the invention resides in the combination and arrangement of parts and in the details of con- ,,,struction hereinafter described and claimed, it

40 being understood that changesin the precise embodiment of the invention herein described, may

be made within the scope of whatis claimed,

without departing from thespirit'of the inven fi tion. H e 7 Referring to the drawings: Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view through a compressor constructed in accordance with the invention."

Figure 215" ajlong itudinal sectional view taken,

through the first stage compressor, the view being taken at right angles to Figure 1.

Fi u e 3 is a c onal view taken on 11553 55 Heater is'a longitudinal testament piston of a modified form of the first stage compressor, v r

Figure 5 is a sectional view taken on line 55 of Figure 4.,

Figure 6 is a sectional detail view illustrating 5 amodified form of valve wherein a rubber washer is used.

Figure 7 is an end elevational view of the valve.

Figure 8 is a longitudinal sectional View through the second stage compressor.

Figure 9 is a sectional view taken on line 99 of Figure 8.

,Figure 10 isa sectional view through a modified form of second stage compressor. 1d

Figure 1,1 is, a sectional view taken on line H .H of Figure 10. V Figure 12 is a view illustrating means for cooling the interior of the piston, by means of an air blast...

Referring to, the drawings in detail, the compressor embodies a base comprising end bars 5 and 6 connected by means of the bars 1 arranged in parallel spaced relation with respect to each other.

Mounted on the bar 5, are bearings 8 in which the power shaft 9 operates, the power shaft being supplied witha pulley. II] that receives its motion through the belt ii that in turn is operated by a suitable power device not shown.

As clearly shown by the drawings, the device embodies a main or first stage compressor indicated generally by the reference character I2, and an auxiliary or second staged compressor indicated by the reference character l3. first stage compressor comprises a stationary piston indicated by the reference character M, the piston Mbeingsupported on the stationary pipes I 5' and I6 that aremounted in suitable supports secured to thebars'l, and connect with 40 the stationary piston 54 to deliver the cooling liquid, toithe interior of the stationary piston.

Mounted within" the stationary piston M, is a manifold assembly embodying a central sub- 'stantially wide manifold l1, and narrow manifolds IS, the manifolds I? and I8 being connected by a series of pipes I9. These manifolds l1 and I8 are circular in construction, the peripheries of the manifolds being spaced from the wall of the stationary piston, as shown by Figure l'of the drawings. .The'pipe 20', whichcon'nects' with the wide manifold l1, provides the exhaust pipe for the manifold. Connected with the pipe 20, is a' flexible pipe or hose 2| that establishescomr'nunication between the manifold ll, and. the interior The 35 of the piston forming a part of the auxiliary or second stage compressor.

As clearly shown by Figure 1 of the drawings, pipes 22 communicate with the manifold I8, and extend through the ends of the piston M, where they are supplied with valve seats 23, against which the valves 24 seat. These valves are seated, by means of the coiled springs 25, that normally urge the valves outwardly and are opened under air pressure entering the piston.

The first stage compressor also includes a movable cylinder 26 which is formed with elongated openings 2! providing clearances for the pipes l5 and I 6. A yoke indicated by the reference character 28 is connected with one end of the cylinder 26, and includes a connecting link 29 that connects with the crank 30 of the power shaft 9. Thus it will be seen that due to this construction, the cylinder 26 is moved over the piston to accomplish the purpose of the invention.

The ends of the cylinder 26, are closed by means of the removable heads 30, each of which being provided with an opening providing a valve seat, for the valve 3| associated therewith. Each valve 3i is provided with a valve stem 32 operating through a bracket 33, there being provided a coiled spring 34 on the valve stem, for normally urging the valve to its closed position.

Each cylinder head also includes a housing 35 which has its outer end closed by means of the filtering member 36, so that air or gas drawn into the cylinder, will be thoroughly filtered.

The auxiliary second stage compressor embodies a stationary piston 31 formed with an opening into which one end of the pipe 38 extends, the pipe 38 being connected with the pipe 16 by means of the coupling 39. Connected with the piston, and disposed directly opposite to the pipe 38, is a pipe 40 through which the cooling liquid passes after it has passed through the pistons, cooling the pistons, during the compressing operation. The flexible pipe or hose 2| connects with the pipe 4| that extends through the piston 3! longitudinally thereof, the ends of the pipe 4! being formed into valve housings 42 in which the valves 43 are positioned, the valves 43 opening outwardly, so that air entering the pipe 4|, may pass into the spaces between the ends of the cylinder 44 and the ends of the piston 31. The pipe 45 which also extends longitudinally of the piston, is provided with valve housings 46 at its ends in which the valves 41 operate, the valves 41 opening inwardly against the tension of the springs 48, when air or gas compressed, forces the valves open. An outlet pipe indicated by the reference character 49 connects with the pipe 45. The ends of the piston 31, are provided with passageways, the outer walls of which being perforated, to allow lubricating oil entering the passageways to flow onto the wall of the cylinder 44, lubricating the cylinder. A pipe indicated by the reference character 50, connects with the pipe 5|, which in turn is in communication with the passageways formed in the ends of the piston, through which lubricating oil finds its way to the passageways.

The reference character 52 designates a pipe that extends longitudinally of the piston, and establishes communication between the passageways at the ends of the piston, so that oil may pass from the passageways into the pipe 52. A pipe indicated by the reference character 53 connects with the pipe 52, permitting the oil to pass from the pipe 52,

Connected with the cylinder of the second stage compressor, is a yoke 54 that includes the connecting rod 55 that connects with the crank 56 of the power shaft 9, so that as the power shaft rotates, reciprocatory movement will be imparted to the cylinder, moving the cylinder over the piston 31.

In the modified form of main compressor or first stage compressor, as shown by Figure 4 of the drawings, the reference character 51 designates the stationary piston, which is hollow and supplied with pipes 58 arranged in pairs as shown by Figure 5 of the drawings, the pipes extending throughout the entire length of the piston 51. These pipes 58 are formed with enlargements 59 at their ends providing housings for the valves 60, which are held to their seats by means of the springs 6|. These pipes 58 are in communication with the pipe 62 through which air passes to a pipe not shown, and which leads to the auxiliary or second state compressor associated therewith. In this form of the invention, the piston shown by Figure 4 of the drawings, is substituted for the piston shown in Figure 2 of the drawings.

In the modified form of the auxiliary compressor or second stage compressor, as shown by Figure 10 of the drawings, the piston is indicated by the reference character 63, the piston being hollow to support the manifold assemblies each of which includes a central manifold 84 and end manifolds 65, the manifolds 64 and 65 being connected by a series of pipes 66, as shown by Figure 10. Pipes 6'! connect the manifolds 65 with the ends of the piston, and provide housings for the valves 68 which are forced to their seats by means of the springs 69,

The valves 10, which are supported within the pipes 61 that connect certain of the manifolds 65 with the ends of the pistons, open outwardly, against the action of the coiled springs H. Thus it will be seen that air drawn into the manifolds at one side of the piston, will be forced outwardly into the spaces between the ends of the piston and cylinder operating over the piston, through the valves 10. The pipe 12 extends into the central manifold of one section and communicates with the inner pipe of the main compressor or first stage compressor.

It may be desirable to use valves such as shown by Figure 6 of the drawings, in lieu of the valves of the spring pressed type, shown in Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings. The valve in this form of the invention is indicated by the reference character 13 and is of the flap or rubber washer type that normally closes the opening 14 in one end of the pipe 15, with the result that pressure against the washer in one direction, will cause the washer to move away from the openings 14, allowing air to enter. As the pressure is relieved, the washer will seat, closing the openings of the valve.

As shown by Figure 12 of the drawings, the cooling medium is in the form of air, which is blown into the piston, by means of the fan 16 which is mounted in one end of the pipe ll that has one end thereof extended through an opening in the piston.

It might be further stated, that in the preferred form of the invention, the cooling medium is liquid, which is pumped through the pipe 15, by means of the pump 18 operated bypower supplied to the pump, through the medium of the belt 19.

In the operation of the device, the main or first stage compressor, as well as the auxiliary the compressed air will be forced to a suitable.

tank.

During the compressing operation, the pump 18 forces cooling liquid through the pipe F5, from where it passes around the various pipes connecting the manifolds of the manifold assembly. The water then passes through the pipes l6 and 38, entering the hollow piston of the auxiliary or second stage compressor, cooling the piston. The cooling liquid is now passed or exhausted through the pipe 40. From the foregoing it will be seen that due to the construction shown and described, the manifold assemblies which include the pipes and manifolds connected by the pipes, are maintained cool at all times, during the compressing ope-ration.

From the foregoing it will be seen that due to the construction of the device, the cylinder and piston will swing with the connecting rod, with the result that the connecting rod operates in a direct line with the center of the cylinder at all times.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed is:

1. An air compressor comprising a main oompressor, a substantially small auxiliary compressor adapted to receive compressed air from the main compressor, each compressor including a stationary piston and a cylinder operating over the piston, pipes within the pistons, said pipes communicating with the space between the piston heads and ends of the cylinders and through which compressed air passes, means for directing cooling liquid into the pistons to circulate around the pipes, cooling the pipes, a pipe establishing communication between the spaces within the pistons between the pipes and the walls of the pistons whereby cooling liquid passes from one piston to the other, and connecting rods connected with the cylinders by means of which the cylinders may be operated.

2. An air compressor comprising a stationary piston, a manifold assembly within the piston, said manifold assembly comprising circular drum-like end members and a central drum-like member, pipes establishing communication between the central drum-like member and drumlike end members, valves controllingthe passage of air into the manifold assembly with each stroke of the cylinder, an inlet pipe establishing communication between the space around the manifold assembly and source of cooling liquid supply, and a pipe for exhausting the cooling liquid from the space.

3. An air compressor comprising a stationary piston, a cylinder movable over the piston, a manifold in the piston, said manifold including drum-like end members, a central enlarged drumlike member, pipes establishing communication between the drum-like members, valves in the ends of the pistons, said valves controlling the passage of air into the manifold, a pipe for delivering cooling liquid to the interior of the piston for circulation around the manifold, and a pipe for exhausting cooling liquid from the piston.

4. An air compressor comp-rising a stationary piston, a cylinder operating over the stationary piston, a manifold within the piston, said manifold comprising end members and a central member, a plurality of pipes connecting said end members and central member establishing communication therebetween, pipes connected with the end members and extending through the ends of the piston, valves in the outer ends of the latter pipes for controlling the passage of air into the manifold, and means for circulating cooling liquid through the pistons exteriorly of the manifold.

ORLANDO B. JOHNSON. 

